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31. ´ÙÀ½ ±ÛÀÇ ºóÄ (A), (B)¿¡ µé¾î°¥ ¸»·Î °¡Àå ÀûÀýÇÑ °ÍÀº?
The term euphemism derives from a Greek word meaning ¡®'to speak with good words¡¯' and involves substituting a more pleasant, less objectionable way of saying something for a blunt or more direct way. Why do people use euphemisms? They do so probably to help smooth out the ¡®'rough edges¡¯' of life, to make the unbearable bearable and the offensive inoffensive. (A) , euphemisms can become dangerous when they are used to create misperceptions of important issues. (B) a politician may indicate that one of his statements was ¡®'somewhat at variance with the truth,¡¯' meaning that he lied. Even more serious examples include describing rotting slums as ¡®'substandard housing,¡¯' making the miserable conditions appear reasonable and the need for action less important.
¨ç However ¡¦¡¦ For example ¨è In short ¡¦¡¦ For example ¨é That is ¡¦¡¦ Similarly
¨ê In addition ¡¦¡¦ Therefore ¨ë Nevertheless ¡¦¡¦ Similarly
1.³»¿ëÇ®ÀÌ
(A) ºóÄ ¾Õ¿¡´Â ¿Ï°î¾î¹ýÀ» ºÒÄèÇÑ °ÍÀ» °Å½½¸®Áö ¾Ê°Ô ¸¸µé±â À§ÇØ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù´Â ³»¿ëÀÌ ³ª¿À°í, µÚ¿¡´Â ¿Ï°î¾î¹ýÀÇ »ç¿ëÀÌ À§ÇèÇØÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ³»¿ëÀÌ ³ª¿À¹Ç·Î, ¡®¿ªÁ¢¡¯À» ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â However°¡ ÀûÀýÇÏ´Ù.
(B) ºóÄ ¾Õ¿¡´Â ¿Ï°î¾î¹ýÀÌ Áß¿äÇÑ ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ À߸øµÈ ÀνÄÀ» ¸¸µéµµ·Ï »ç¿ëµÉ ¶§ À§ÇèÇØÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ³»¿ëÀÌ ³ª¿À°í, µÚ¿¡´Â ±×¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¹°¡ À̾îÁö¹Ç·Î, ¡®¿¹½Ã¡¯¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â For exampleÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÏ´Ù.
2. ±¸¹®Çؼ³
[involves substituting a more pleasant, less objectionable way of saying something for a blunt or more direct way] *substitute ¨Î for ¨Í: ¨Í¸¦ ¨Î·Î ´ëüÇÏ´Ù (= replace ¨Í with ¨Î) : Á÷¼³ÀûÀ̰ųª Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ» µè±â ÁÁ°í ºÒÄè°¨ÀÌ ÀûÀº °ÍÀ¸·Î ´ëü. *less objectionable way:´ú ºÒÄèÇÑ ¹æ½Ä
3. ±¸¹®Çؼ³
[They do so probably / to help smooth out the ¡®'rough edges¡¯' of life, / to make the unbearable bearable and the offensive inoffensive]
* the unbearable = unbearable thing : ÂüÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Â °Í * the offensive: ºÒÄèÇÑ °Í
4. ±¸¹®Çؼ³
[Even more serious examples include describing rotting slums as ¡®'substandard housing,¡¯' making the miserable conditions appear reasonable and the need for action less important.]
* µ¿»ç: include *decribe ¨Í as ¨Î : ¨Í¸¦ ¨Î·Î ¹¦»çÇÏ´Ù *= and it makes ~ * make ¸ñÀû¾î Çü¿ë»ç:~À» ¾î¶°ÇÑ »óÅ·Π¸¸µé´Ù(µÇ°Ô ÇÏ´Ù) ex) you made me feel sad: ³Í ³»°¡ ½½ÇÄÀ» ´À³¢°Ô Çß´Ù. * appear: ~ó·³ º¸ÀÌ´Ù
5. ´Ü¾îÁ¤¸®
*term:¿ë¾î *euphemism ¿Ï°î¾î¹ý, ¿Ï°î¾î±¸ *derive from ~¿¡¼ À¯·¡µÇ´Ù(À¯·¡¸¦ ã´Ù) *involve:°ü·ÃµÇ´Ù, Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Ù *objectionable ½ÈÀº, ºÒÄèÇÑ *blunt ºÒÄèÇÑ, ¹«µò, ³¯¾ø´Â substitute:´ë½ÅÇÏ´Ù, ´ëüÇÏ´Ù *substitute ¨Î for ¨Í: ¨Í¸¦ ¨Î·Î ´ëüÇÏ´Ù (= replace ¨Í with ¨Î) *smooth out (¹®Á¦ µîÀ») ¾ø¾Ö´Ù *unbearable:ÂüÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Â *offensive:°ø°ÝÀûÀÎ *be used to+Ⓥ:~Çϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÇ´Ù be used to ~ing = be accustomed to :~¿¡ Àͼ÷ÇÏ´Ù *misperception:À߸øµÈ ÀνÄ(Áö°¢) *indicate:³ªÅ¸³»´Ù, °¡¸®Å°´Ù, ¾Ï½ÃÇÏ´Ù, ½Ã»çÇÏ´Ù *one of ~º¹¼ö¸í»ç: ~ÁßÀÇ Çϳª *rot: ½â´Ù,ºÎÆÐÇÏ´Ù * slum: ºó¹Î°¡ *substandard: Ç¥ÁØÀÌÇÏÀÇ *describe ¨Í as ¨Î:¨Í¸¦ ¨Î·Î ¹¦»çÇÏ´Ù *reasonable:ºÐº° ÀÖ´Â, Àû´çÇÑ *appear reasonable: Àû´çÇØ º¸ÀÌ´Ù *at variance with ~¿Í »óÃæÇÏ´Â[¸ð¼øµÇ´Â.
5. Àü¹®Çؼ®
¿Ï°î¾î¹ýÀ̶ó´Â ¸»(The term euphemism)Àº ¡°ÁÁÀº ´Ü¾îµé·Î ¸»ÇÏ´Ù¡±¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â(meaning)±×¸®½º ´Ü¾î¿¡¼ ºñ·ÔµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç(derives from a Greek word), ¹«¾ð°¡¸¦ ¸»ÇÏ´Â(saying something) ´õ µè±â ÁÁ°í ºÒÄè°¨ÀÌ ´úÇÑ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î(a more pleasant, less objectionable way) Á÷¼³ÀûÀ̰ųª º¸´Ù Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ ¹æ½Ä(a blunt or more direct way)À» ´ëüÇÏ´Â °Í°ú °ü·ÃµÇ¾î(involves) ÀÖ´Ù. ¿Ö »ç¶÷µéÀº ¿Ï°î¾î¹ýÀ» ¾µ±î? ±×µéÀº ¾Æ¸¶µµ »îÀÇ ¡°°ÅÄ£ °¡ÀåÀÚ¸®¡±(the ¡®'rough edges¡¯' of life)¸¦ ºÎµå·´°Ô ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀ» µ½°í(help smooth out), °ßµô ¼ö ¾ø´Â °ÍÀ» °ßµô ¸¸ÇÏ°Ô Çϸç(the unbearable bearable), ºÒÄèÇÑ °ÍÀ» °Å½½¸®Áö ¾Ê°Ô(the offensive inoffensive) ¸¸µé±â À§ÇØ ±×·¸°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿Ï°î¾î¹ýÀº Áß¿äÇÑ ¹®Á¦Á¡µé¿¡ ´ëÇØ À߸øµÈ ÀνÄÀ» ¸¸µéµµ·Ï(to create misperceptions of important issues) »ç¿ëµÉ ¶§(are used) À§ÇèÇØÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù(can become dangerous). ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ¾î´À Á¤Ä¡°¡°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸» Áß Çϳª°¡(one of his statements) ¡°¾à°£ Áø½Ç°ú »óÃæ °ü°è¿¡(somewhat at variance with the truth)¡± ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í ½Ã»çÇÒ ¼öµµ Àִµ¥, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±×°¡ °ÅÁþ¸»À» Çß´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù(meaning that he lied). ÈξÀ ´õ ½É°¢ÇÑ ¿¹(Even more serious examples)´Â ½â¾î°¡´Â ºó¹Î°¡(rotting slums )¸¦ ¡°Ç¥ÁØ ÀÌÇÏ ÁÖ°Å(substandard housing)¡±¶ó°í ¹¦»çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í Àִµ¥, ÀÌ´Â ºñÂüÇÑ »óÅÂ(the miserable conditions)¸¦ Àû´çÇØ º¸À̵µ·Ï ÇÏ°í(appear reasonable) Á¶Ä¡ÀÇ Çʿ伺(the need for action)ÀÌ ´ú Áß¿äÇÏ°Ô(less important) ¸¸µç´Ù.
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