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  µ¿½ÃÁ¢¼ÓÀÚ:     057
 
ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ : 11/12/11
2012Çг⵵ ¼ö´É ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª 44¹ø Çؼ³
 ±Û¾´ÀÌ : songgok
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2012³â ¼ö´É ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª 44¹ø Çؼ³ - ¼Û°î´åÄÄ(songgok.com)
 
44. ±ÛÀÇ È帧À¸·Î º¸¾Æ, ÁÖ¾îÁø ¹®ÀåÀÌ µé¾î°¡±â¿¡ °¡Àå ÀûÀýÇÑ °÷Àº?
 
[The DNA extracted from these bits of whale skin not only identifies the individuals in the group, but also reveals their relationships to each other.]
 
Sperm whales travel in social groups that cooperate to defend and protect each other, and may even share suckling of calves. ( ¨ç ) It is difficult to determine the membership of these groups from sightings alone, because of the practical difficulties of observing whale behavior, most of which happens underwater. ( ¨è ) To make things even more difficult, sperm whales can travel across entire oceans and can dive to a depth of a kilometer. ( ¨é ) Biologists who study whale behavior generally have to be content with hanging around in boats, waiting for their subjects to surface. ( ¨ê ) But when they do surface, in addition to taking photos which allow individual whales to be identified, biologists can zip over in worryingly small boats and pick up the bits of skin that the whales leave behind on the surface when they re-submerge. ( ¨ë ) This has allowed researchers to describe sperm whale social groups in detail.
* sperm whale: ÇâÀ¯°í·¡
 
1. ³»¿ëÇ®ÀÌ
ÁÖ¾îÁø ¹®ÀåÀÇ these bits of whale skinÀº the bits of skinÀ» °¡¸®Å²´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ÁÖ¾îÁø ¹®ÀåÀº ¨ë¿¡ µé¾î°¡´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡Àå ÀûÀýÇÔ.
 
2. ±¸¹®Çؼ³
 [The DNA extracted from these bits of whale skin not only identifies the individuals in the group, but also reveals their relationships to each other.]  *ÁÖ¾î:The DNA    *µ¿»ç:identifies/ reveals    *not only ~but also = not merely ~ but also =  in addition to~ing/¸í»ç 
 
3. ´Ü¾îÁ¤¸®
*extract ÃßÃâÇÏ´Ù, »Ì´Ù *bits of whale skin °í·¡ÀÇ ÇǺÎÁ¶°¢ *identify ½Å¿øÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ´Ù *reveal µå·¯³»´Ù *suckle Á¥À» ¸ÔÀÌ´Ù *calf »õ³¢ *cooperate:Çùµ¿ÇÏ´Ù *sighting °üÂû, ¸ñ°Ý *practical ½ÇÁúÀûÀÎ, ½ÇÁ¦ÀÇ *biologist »ý¹°ÇÐÀÚ *zip over Àçºü¸£°Ô ³ª¾Æ°¡´Ù *re-submerge ´Ù½Ã Àá¼öÇÏ´Ù *be content with ~¿¡ ¸¸Á·ÇÏ´Ù *hang around °Å´Ò´Ù, ¼­¼º°Å¸®´Ù *subject ÇǽÇÇèÀÚ(°üÂû´ë»ó), ½ÅÇÏ, ÁÖÁ¦, Á¾¼Ó½ÃÅ°´Ù, Áö¹èÇÏ´Ù, Áö¹è¸¦ ¹Þ´Â, Á¾¼ÓÇÏ´Â cf) be subject to: ~Çϱ⠽±´Ù * in addition to ~¿Ü¿¡µµ, ~ÀÏ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó *leave behind: ~À» µÎ°í ¶°³ª´Ù, ÀØÀºÃ¤ µÎ°í °¡´Ù.
 
4. Àü¹®Çؼ®
ÇâÀ¯°í·¡´Â ¼­·Î¸¦ ¹æ¾îÇÏ°í º¸È£Çϱâ À§Çؼ­(to defend and protect each other) Çùµ¿ÇÏ´Â »çȸÀû Áý´Ü(social groups)À» ÀÌ·ç¾î À̵¿ÇÏ°í, ½ÉÁö¾î´Â »õ³¢ Á¥À» ¸ÔÀÌ´Â °Í(suckling of calves)À» °øÀ¯ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. °í·¡ÀÇ ÇൿÀº ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ ¼öÁß¿¡¼­ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® °üÂûÇϱⰡ ½ÇÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ¾î·Æ±â ¶§¹®¿¡(because of the practical difficulties of observing whale behavior), ´ÜÁö ¸ñ°Ý¸¸(sightings alone)À¸·Î ÀÌ Áý´ÜÀÇ ±¸¼º¿øÀ» ¹àÇô³»±â´Â ¾î·Æ´Ù. ÇâÀ¯°í·¡´Â Àü ´ë¾çÀ» °¡·ÎÁú·¯(across entire oceans) À̵¿ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í 1ų·Î¹ÌÅÍÀÇ ±íÀ̱îÁö(to a depth of a kilometer) Àá¼öÇÒ ¼ö À־ (°¡·Á³»´Â) ÀÏÀº ÈξÀ ´õ ¾î·Á¿öÁø´Ù. °í·¡ÀÇ ÇൿÀ» ¿¬±¸ÇÏ´Â »ý¹°ÇÐÀÚµéÀº ±×µéÀÇ °üÂû ´ë»ó(their subjects)ÀÌ ¼ö¸éÀ¸·Î ¿Ã¶ó¿À´Â °Í(to surface)À» ±â´Ù¸®¸é¼­ º¸Æ® ¾È¿¡¼­(in boats) °Å´Ï´Â °Í(hanging around)¿¡ º¸Åë ¸¸Á·Çؾß(be content with)¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍµéÀÌ ¼ö¸éÀ¸·Î ¿Ã¶ó¿Ã ¶§, »ý¹°ÇÐÀÚµéÀº °³º° °í·¡µéÀ» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØ ÁÖ´Â(allow individual whales to be identified) »çÁøÀ» ÃÔ¿µ(taking photos)ÇÒ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó(in addition to) ¿ì·ÁµÇ´Â(worryingly) ÀÛÀº º¸Æ®¸¦ Ÿ°í Àçºü¸£°Ô ³ª¾Æ°¡¼­(zip over) °í·¡µéÀÌ ´Ù½Ã Àá¼ö(they re-submerge)ÇÒ ¶§, Ç¥¸é¿¡ ³²°Ü µÐ(leave behind on the surface) ÇǺÎÀÇ Á¶°¢µé(the bits of skin)À» ÁÖ¿ö ´ãÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °í·¡ÀÇ ÇǺΠÁ¶°¢(these bits of whale skin)¿¡¼­ ÃßÃâÇÑ(extracted) DNA´Â Áý´Ü¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °³º° °³Ã¼µéÀ» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó(not only), ¼­·Î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±×µéÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ µå·¯³»±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀÌ ÇâÀ¯°í·¡ÀÇ »çȸ Áý´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÏ°Ô ¼³¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.(but also)
 
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